The “SUB” (Side Upper Berth) in Indian Railways coaches is a unique feature that plays a pivotal role in ensuring the optimal use of space and passenger accommodation. Found primarily in Sleeper and AC coaches, the SUB offers an extra upper berth along the side aisle, often paired with a “SLB” (Side Lower Berth) beneath it. Though compact, the Side Upper Berth is designed to provide a private space for travelers, especially on longer journeys.
Here’s a comprehensive overview of the Side Upper Berth in Indian Railways, including its characteristics, layout, comfort, utility, and the experience it offers to travelers.
- Layout and Design of the Side Upper Berth
In the layout of Indian Railways’ Sleeper and AC coaches, the berths are arranged in various configurations. The primary configuration includes:
Two sections of three-tier berths: one lower, one middle, and one upper berth on each side.
Two side berths: one lower (SLB) and one upper (SUB) along the aisle.
The Side Upper Berth, or SUB, is positioned above the Side Lower Berth and is elevated closer to the roof of the coach, providing a small, private resting area. It runs parallel to the length of the coach and typically has a designated ladder or small steps for easy access.
Due to its alignment along the aisle and proximity to the windows, the Side Upper Berth offers travelers a unique viewing experience of the passing scenery, albeit from a higher angle. Additionally, the SUB configuration allows for an efficient use of space, as it utilizes the narrow side corridor of the coach without taking up floor space.
- Types of Coaches with Side Upper Berths
Indian Railways offers a range of coaches that include the Side Upper Berth feature, primarily to maximize passenger capacity. The two main types of coaches with SUBs are:
Sleeper Class Coaches:
Found on most long-distance and overnight trains, the Sleeper Class includes SUBs as part of its six-berth bay configuration.
Sleeper Class coaches are not air-conditioned, making them affordable options for travelers. SUBs in these coaches offer basic bedding facilities but lack the climate control found in AC compartments.
AC Coaches (3AC and 2AC):
3AC Coaches are common in long-distance trains and offer air-conditioned comfort. They have a similar configuration to Sleeper Class but are equipped with bedding and climate control.
2AC Coaches, while rarer for Side Upper Berths, sometimes have SUBs in modified configurations. They are roomier and provide more privacy and bedding amenities than 3AC and Sleeper coaches.
The arrangement of berths, including the Side Upper Berth, may vary slightly across trains and coach types, but the core concept remains similar across Sleeper and AC classes.
- Comfort and Accessibility of the Side Upper Berth
The Side Upper Berth is known for its unique layout, which offers certain advantages and potential drawbacks for passengers.
Pros:
Privacy: Being positioned higher than the SLB and near the coach roof, the SUB provides some level of privacy from the aisle.
Undisturbed Sleep: Unlike the Side Lower Berth, which may be folded for seating during the day, the SUB is almost exclusively used for sleeping, allowing passengers a continuous place to rest without disruptions.
Scenic Views: Positioned along the window, SUB occupants can enjoy a panoramic view, ideal for travelers who enjoy watching the landscape.
Cons:
Limited Headroom: Due to its elevated position near the coach roof, headroom on the Side Upper Berth is limited. This can make it slightly uncomfortable for taller passengers.
Accessibility: Accessing the SUB often requires using a small ladder or steps, which may not be suitable for elderly passengers or those with limited mobility.
Restricted Space: The SUB, being compact, offers a restricted space. While sufficient for sleeping, it may feel cramped, especially for passengers with luggage or larger builds.
Despite these limitations, the SUB is generally a popular choice among passengers who prioritize uninterrupted sleep and privacy.
- Ticket Pricing and Reservation for the Side Upper Berth
Ticket prices for berths, including the Side Upper Berth, are generally determined by the coach class and train type. Here’s a breakdown of pricing based on coach classes:
Sleeper Class:
As the most economical option, Sleeper Class tickets are affordable. The fare is standardized per berth type, meaning there is usually no extra charge for the Side Upper Berth specifically.
Prices vary depending on the journey length, but they remain one of the cheapest options for long-distance train travel.
3AC Coaches:
AC coaches offer a more comfortable travel experience, and tickets for 3AC are priced accordingly. In 3AC, ticket costs are higher than Sleeper Class but still budget-friendly for air-conditioned travel.
The Side Upper Berth in 3AC is priced similarly to other berths in the coach.
2AC Coaches:
Though rarer with SUBs, the 2AC coaches are priced higher due to increased privacy, fewer berths per bay, and better amenities.
SUB fares in 2AC are on par with other berths and provide a more premium experience.
In terms of booking, the Side Upper Berth can be specifically requested when reserving tickets on the IRCTC website or app. However, berth allocation is subject to availability, and preferences may not always be fulfilled due to demand and space constraints.
- Tips for Traveling on the Side Upper Berth
Pack Lightly: Given the compact space, avoid bringing large luggage to the SUB. Store larger items in designated luggage spaces, usually located beneath the Side Lower Berth or near the entry of the coach.
Carry a Blanket and Pillow: While bedding is often provided in AC coaches, Sleeper Class passengers may need to bring their own for added comfort, especially during colder journeys.
Prepare for Limited Mobility: Be prepared for the limited headroom on the SUB, which may make sitting upright difficult. If you have mobility constraints, the SUB may not be the best choice.
Take Advantage of the View: SUBs often offer panoramic views of the countryside. Bring a book or camera to enjoy the scenic aspects of train travel.
Settle In Early: Since the Side Upper Berth remains a dedicated sleeping area, getting settled before bedtime ensures a more comfortable experience.
- Comparison with Other Berths
When considering the Side Upper Berth, it’s helpful to compare it with other berth types:
Side Lower Berth (SLB):
Positioned below the SUB, the SLB is more accessible and provides more headroom.
It may be used as a seating area during the day, which can interrupt personal space.
The SLB is popular among travelers who prefer easy access and do not mind shared seating.
Middle and Upper Berths:
The middle and upper berths are generally located in the main sections of the coach. They provide more headroom and space compared to the SUB.
Unlike the SUB, these berths are fully enclosed within the coach, which some travelers may prefer for added privacy and comfort.
Lower Berth:
The lower berth is more accessible, particularly for elderly passengers and families.
It remains in high demand as it offers ease of movement and a clear view of the train interior.
The SUB stands out for its unique location along the aisle, offering privacy and scenic views but with certain trade-offs in terms of space and accessibility.
- Innovations and Future of the Side Upper Berth
Indian Railways has been innovating its coach designs, aiming for greater passenger comfort and efficiency. The Side Upper Berth, though an older concept, has witnessed some modern adaptations:
Improved Design: Newer coaches feature better cushioning, stronger ladders, and optimized layouts for SUBs.
Convertible Seats: Some models are being introduced with foldable SUBs, allowing more versatility in seating arrangements during the day.
Enhanced Climate Control: With AC trains becoming more popular, the SUB experience is improved with effective cooling, reducing the discomfort of the compact space.
Future advancements may include reclining options for SUBs or adjustable ventilation for more comfort.
- Personal Experiences and Testimonials
Many travelers find the Side Upper Berth to be an enjoyable travel experience. A few testimonials from passengers reveal:
“The Side Upper Berth gave me a private space to rest. It’s small, but I could sleep without disturbance, and the view was amazing!”
“It’s a bit of a squeeze, but for the price, I don’t mind the limited space. It’s quiet, and I could read my book in peace.”
“I prefer the lower berths, but the Side Upper gives me a solid sleep every time. I just make sure to settle in early.”
Conclusion
The Side Upper Berth, or SUB, represents a practical and efficient design choice in Indian Railways’ coach configurations. While compact, it offers privacy, unique views, and dedicated sleeping space for long-distance travelers. With both pros and cons, the SUB appeals to those who prioritize uninterrupted rest and scenic experiences, even if at the expense of space.
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